Minimalist approach is best
From my perspective I've seen a lot of interventions that truly seem to lend themselves to the micromanagement of the mother and fetus.
I'm going to go on a limb here; that historically, the majority of the doctors were male and since most males very poorly understand the female body; the tests that were introduced were used to demystify a fairly mysterious (to the male gender) process.
Humans seem to make what should be a fairly simple process, very convoluted.
For what it's worth; if we were more apt to procreate along the lines of how we "responsibly" breed dogs; there would be far fewer health problems in humans. But I don't want to get anyone's panties in a twist; so I won't go any further with that idea.
I'm really far out health-wise however; I use homeopathy almost exclusively; along with nutritional supplementation to take care of most problems. The most allopathic person I visit is my dentist.
With Mitchell - born April 2000 - I went with my g.p.'s male recommended ob-gyn; had 4 ultrasounds - they thought Mitch had DS, all other tests they could possibly suggest to me; didn't have a lick of trouble the whole pregnancy, had a relatively uneventful labour (4:30 a.m. to 9:40 p.m.) (made it to 7 cm dilated walking around at home), stupidly accepted a muscle shot of Nubain; had my contractions slow to a crawl (probably because I was lying on my back in a bed) and required 7 stitches when I tore pushing the little bugger out - nothing natural about that birth experience at all. As well due to the Nubain; Mitch ended up in the Natal Intensive Care with respiratory distress (gee guess that's why they no longer administer Nubain when in labour) for an entire week - and my milk dried up.
With Avalon - born October 2004 - I went with a midwife - had no tests except one blood test - can't remember what it was for; no ultrasounds, and peed on a stick every well-patient visit. Had identical uneventful pregnancy, started my labour the same as Mitchie's (4:30 a.m. start); however Avalon was in a bit of a hurry, she arrived at 1:40. At 12:50 I was telling my Mom to call the midwife team; let them know we would meet them at the hospital and at 1:10 I was on my hands and knees at the foot of my bed; asking my mother if she would be my midwife - she wisely said no; called the team back and told them to come straight to the house; from 1:15 to 1:40 I pushed; I never made it from a kneeling position at the foot of my bed; Avalon was born at home and her first visit to the doctor was a consult with specialists to format the repair of her cleft palate. After I discovered the link of cleft palates to tongue ties and other genetic anamolies (such as super numerary nipples) - both of which are on both sides of the family - although myself and my husband don't exhibit them) I decided on no more kids.
Both together at local splash pad
Avi and Kim
Mitch playing soccer