I think breed and type can play a big role, but so do individual dogs.
If I'm upset, I try to stay away from my Dobermans. They are ultra sensitive. Last week I was having a really bad night, and I wasn't even angry or anything, but both Keira and Ripley were trembling and worried. And if I'm training with them, I have to be careful of my emotions then too. If I'm frustrated, I know we aren't going to get anywhere. They're too sensitive to emotion around them. I'd say while my dogs seem a little extreme this way sometimes, most of the Dobermans I know are super sensitive and intune to their person's emotional state. More so than other dogs it seems. So in this case, I'd say it's a breed thing to be almost hyper aware of handler emotion.
Herding breeds are another general type that seem often sensitive to their person's emotions. Journey isn't as extreme as the Dobermans, but she does act differently (quieter, calmer, sucky) depending on how I'm feeling and is very aware of whether I'm happy/sad/frustrated/etc. My Border Collie mix was similar.
Dance is somewhat sensitive to my emotions as most dogs would be, but not overly. Unless it's in direct relation to her, she can be pretty oblivious, which is sometimes nice. They only thing I have to watch with her is that if I'm stressed, she's probably going to feel a bit off and those are the days she's horrible with her people-barking. But otherwise she is very resilient and most times couldn't seem to care less about what I'm feeling. The other Toller I had for a while though was super, super sensitive. Kind of like the Dobermans, except she'd shut down at even a hint of frustration. Very soft and sensitive. So I think that's a good example of individual dogs being very different despite being the same breed.